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# x6 E9 a, a8 I% _/ N. b! _Service-oriented architecture, or SOA, refers to a style used in the development of enterprise-class business applications. Traditional business application development has followed a purpose-built paradigm that is now perceived as being inflexible and incapable of evolving at the same rapid pace that business markets and processes are now changing. SOA provides the flexibility and the opportunity for business applications to keep pace with changes in the global business climate.The most important characteristics of SOA that allow it to meet these fundamental objectives are:
: Z( F U& b4 S/ m* y$ ^; o• Contract-based interfaces
+ x0 U- K: f( j# a% Z XSOA promotes the use of abstract interfaces independent of underlying business5 `$ \3 k8 |" O. E+ B) G
logic implementations. These interfaces represent a contract between clients$ b+ C3 K( e5 Y' `. z1 f, ` }( l
and the business applications. As long as the client makes a proper request for a
0 }! R" H, P, {7 y2 I9 H# Tservice, the server honors it and returns a response in the format specifi e d in
5 c7 \. \4 X' `, ^! J* rthe contract. The SOA contract helps to uncouple client and server development
9 U' s4 b/ }. H" L; A9 }" e# tactivities and allows them to evolve independently so long as the contract6 J- |' a* P; [9 c) q2 Q
remains intact.
/ y% I' J0 W: V7 M5 R" i• Coarse-grained interfaces
# [$ h9 W- i3 m- W3 T; vSOA interfaces also tend to be coarse-grained, in the sense that they ideally9 {: U. q) o) R6 W7 r* ]
represent a complete business transaction. The client makes a request for some
3 r9 C% l+ f9 I6 Ktype of work to be done; the server executes the full operation without any
7 D& s8 u2 z B& h- m; C# w" Cintervening conversation with the client, and then sends back a fully-complete
7 t0 {; ?4 z8 Lresponse to the client. This results in fewer remote calls to API and brings about0 S7 g. p" F" h* }
a nonchatty interface.
5 z* e4 ?& t) o, p- l: x4 A• Single entry point to business logic5 u J9 B4 E) E) k
After a service is exposed throUGh SOA, it is immediately available to all
. X) n* } _, Q }# \* z/ Fclients. Because the service is contract-based, the server logic does not require
, C0 O( x5 U* N( o, }8 z& Mknowledge about the client requesting the service, which allows new client
5 N; F( B8 ]* Z9 ftechnologies to be adopted without changing the service or invalidating other% V" c+ b4 p+ B: {8 F7 d
clients using the service.
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